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In-Text Notation and Footnotes:
Chicago Humanities Style
Books—Journal
&Magazine Articles—Newspaper
Articles—Electronic Resources—Other
Primary Resources
Chicago humanities style is prominent in the humanities, but is also used in other disciplines. If you don't see an appropriate example below, check the Chicago Manual of Style.
First reference to a work by a single author 1. Antony Clayton, Subterranean City: Beneath the streets of London (London: Historical Publications, 2000), 28. Second reference to a work by a single author 2. Clayton, Subterranean City, 33 First Reference to a work by two or three authors 3. Ivar Lodemel and Heather Trickey, eds., An Offer you Can't Refuse: Workfare in International Perspective (Bristol: The Policy Press, 2000). Second Reference to a work by two or three authors 4. Lodemel and Trickey, An Offer you Can't Refuse. Work by three or more authors Use the name of the first author (first name first, last name last) followed by et al. with no preceeding comma. In the second and following notes referring to the same work, use only the author's last name or Ibid. (when appropriate). Reference to a work that was referenced in the immediately preceeding note. 5. Ibid., 35 Electronic book 6. David Ludden, An Agrarian History of South Asia (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999) in Penn Library E-Books Project, http://digital.library.upenn.edu/ebooks/pdfs/0521364248.pdf (accessed 29 February 2002). Article or essay within a book 7. Anders Rosdahl and Hanne Weise, "When All Must be Active--Workfare in Denmark," in An Offer you Can't Refuse: Workfare in International Perspective, edited by Ivar Lodemel and Heather Trickey (Bristol: The Policy Press, 2001), 189-207. Encyclopedias and other multi-volume reference works Entries in standard reference works are often cited without publication information and, if they are arranged alphabetically, are cited by the item title preceded by s.v. ("under the word"). Other reference works are cited with publication information and provide page numbers or other location information. 8. Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th ed., s.v. "tartan."
From print journals 9. Christopher Hitchcock, "The Intransitivity of Causation Revealed in Equations and Graphs,"The Journal of Philosophy 98 (2001): 273-99. From e-journals 10. Janssen, Maarten C. "On the Principle of Coordination" Economics and Philosophy 17 (2001): http://www.journals.cambridge.org/ (cited 29 November 2001). From full-text databases 11. Victor Gourevitch, "Rousseau on Providence," Review of Metaphysics, March, 2000, in Expanded Academic ASAP, http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/6802(accessed through the University of Pennsylvania Library homepage, November 25, 2003). From printed magazines 12. Jeffrey M. O'Brien, "The Making of the X-Box," Wired, November 9 2001, 146-53. From online magazines 13. Jeffrey M. O'Brien, "The Making of the Xbox." Wired, November 9 2001, 146- 53. www.wired.com (accessed 9 November 2001). Book Reviews 14. Ned Markosian, review of Semantics, Tense, and Time, by Peter Ludlow, The Journal of Philosophy 98 (June 2001): 325-29. Second and Following References 15. Hitchcock, "The Intransitivity of Causation," 280.or use Ibid. when appropriate. 16. O'Brien, "The Making of the X-Box," 150.or use Ibid. when appropriate.
From print newspapers According to the Chicago Manual of Style, references to news items from daily papers are usually made with citations within the text. The names and dates of relevant papers may be included in the bibliography. 17. John Noble Wilford, "Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern Human," New York Times, December 2, 2001, national edition. From online newspapers 18. John Noble Wilford, "Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern Human," New York Times, December 2, 2001, national edition, http://www.nyt.com (accessed December 2, 2001). From full-text databases 19. John Noble Wilford, "Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern Human," New York Times, December 2, 2001, national edition. In Lexis-Nexis, http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/6973(accessed through the University of Pennsylvania Library homepage November 25, 2003). Newspaper items with no author As with other items, but begin the note with the title of the work.
Note: The style provided here is from the
15th edition of the Chicago Manual of Style, which is the first edition to address online resources.
Some specific examples are slightly modified so that student searches can be duplicated. For instance, database examples are modified to reflect the role of the University of Pennsylvania Library in providing the databases.
[Use whatever form is appropriate for the document], URL,
(accessed month day, year [recommended]). Electronic book 20. David Ludden, An Agrarian History of South Asia (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999) in Penn Library E-Books Project, http://digital.library.upenn.edu/ebooks/pdfs/0521364248.pdf (February 29, 2002) Articles from e-journals 21. Janssen, Maarten C. "On the Principle of Coordination" Economics and Philosophy 17 (2001): http://www.journals.cambridge.org/ (accessed November 29, 2001). Articles from full-text databases 22. Victor Gourevitch, "Rousseau on Providence," Review of Metaphysics, March, 2000, in Expanded Academic ASAP, http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/6802(accessed through the University of Pennsylvania Library homepage, November 25, 2003) Articles from online magazines 23. Jeffrey M. O'Brien, "The Making of the Xbox." Wired, November 9, 2001, 146- 53. www.wired.com (accessed November 9, 2001). Articles from online newspapers 24. John Noble Wilford, "Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern Human," New York Times, December 2, 2001, national edition, http://www.nyt.com (accessed December 2, 2001). Newspaper articles from full-text databases 25. John Noble Wilford, "Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern Human," New York Times, December 2, 2001, national edition. In Lexis-Nexis, http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/6973(accessed through the University of Pennsylvania Library homepage November 25, 2003). 26. Nicholas Okrent, E-mail message to Kathryn Charkatz, December 2, 2001. Online Posting to a Discussion List or Newsgroup 27. Nicholas Okrent, "Help on Anti-Plagiarism Software," e-mail to BI-L discussion list, December 1, 2001, http://www.ala.org/acrl/is/bil.html. Informally Published Electronic Material 28. David J. Chalmers, "The Matrix as Metaphysics," David J. Chalmers, http://www.u.arizona.edu/~chalmers/papers/matrix.html (accessed November 25, 2003). Interviews (unpublished) 29. Lydia Messmer, interview by Mark W. Allam, 1987, interview with Lydia Messmer: Oral History, videorecording, University Archives, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. works cited in the above examples: Chalmers, David. "The Matrix as Metaphysics." David J. Chalmers. http://www.u.arizona.edu/~chalmers/papers/matrix.html(accessed November 25, 2003). Clayton, Antony. Subterranean City: Beneath the streets of London. London: Historical Publications, 2000. Gourevitch, Victor. "Rousseau on Providence." The Review of Metaphysics March 2000. In Expanded Academic ASAP, http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/6802 (accessed through University of Pennsylvania Library web page, December 2 2001). Hitchcock, Christopher. "The Intransitivity of Causation Revealed in Equations and Graphs." The Journal of Philosophy 98 (2001): 325-329. Janssen, Maarten C. "On the Principle of Coordination." Economics and Philosophy 17 (2001). http://www.journals.cambridge.org (accessed November 29, 2001). Ludden, David. An Agrarian History of South Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. In Penn Library E-Books Project, http://digital.library.upenn.edu/ebooks/pdfs/0521364248.pdf (accessed through University of Pennsylvania Library webpage, February 29, 2002). Markosian, Ned. Review of Semantics, Tense, and Time, by Peter Ludlow. The Journal of Philosophy 98 (June 2001): 325-329. Messmer, Lydia. Interview by Mark W. Allam. Interview with Lydia Messmer: Oral History. Videorecording, 1987. University Archives, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1987. O'Brien, Jeffrey M. "The Making of the Xbox." Wired, November 9, 2001, 146-153. ___. "The Making of the Xbox." Wired, November 9, 2001, 146-153. http://www.wired.com (accessed 9 November 2001). Rosdahl, Anders and Hanne Weise. "When all must be active-workfare in Denmark." In An Offer you can't Refuse: Workfare in International Perspective, Edited by Ivar Lodemel and Heather Trickey. Bristol: The Policy Press, 2001. Wilford, John Noble. "Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern Human." New York Times, December 2, 2001, national edition. ___. "Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern Human." New York Times, December 2, 2001, www.nyt.com (accessed December 2, 2001). ___. "Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern Human." New York Times, December 2, 2001. In Lexis-Nexis, http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/6973. (accessed through University of Pennsylvania Library web page, December 2 2001). |
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