Chicago Social Sciences Bibliographic Style

Lists of Works Cited: Chicago style (social sciences)

Books—Journal &Magazine Articles—Newspaper Articles—Electronic Resources—Other Primary Resources

Chicago social sciences style is prominent in the social sciences, but is also used in other disciplines. If you don't see an appropriate example below, check the Chicago Manual of Style.

Books

Author, Arthur, Brian Author and Cathy Author. Date of Publication. Title
    of work. Place of publication: Publisher.

Single space between lines. Indent all lines after the first.
Leave blank those elements that are irrelevant or unavailable.

With a single author

Lukacs, John. 1981. Philadelphia: patricians and philistines: 1900-1951.
    New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux.

More than one author

Loudraville, Richard, and Janis Loudraville. 2001. Dear Yeats, dear Pound,
    dear Ford: Jeanne Robert Foster and her circle of friends. Syracuse:
    Syracuse University Press.

Electronic book

Ludden, David. 1999. An Agrarian History of South Asia. Cambridge:
    Cambridge University Press in Penn Library E-Books Project.
    <http://digital.library.upenn.edu/ebooks/pdfs/0521364248.pdf > [cited 29
    Feb. 2002].

Article within a book

Schwartz, Joel. 2001. The triumph of liberalism. In The Empire State:
    A history of New York, edited by Milton M. Klein. Ithaca: Cornell
    University Press.

Encyclopedias and other multi-volume works

According to the Chicago Manual of Style, well-known reference works are not listed in bibliographies.

Journal and Magazine Articles

Author, Arthur, Brian Author and Cathy Author. Date of Publication. Title
    of article. Title of work volume or date:page number-page number.

Single space between lines. Indent all lines after the first.
Leave blank those elements that are irrelevant or unavailable.

From print journals

Hitchcock, Christopher. 2001. The intransitivity of causation revealed in
    equations and graphs. The Journal of Philosophy 98:273-299.

From e-journals

Janssen, Maarten C. 2001. On the Principle of Coordination. Economics and
    Philosophy, 17. <http://www.journals.cambridge.org/> [cited 29 Nov.
    2001].

From full-text databases

Gourevitch, Victor. 2000. Rousseau on Providence. The Review of
    Metaphysics March. In Expanded Academic ASAP [database online]. Gale
    Group [cited 2 Dec. 2001].

From printed magazines

O'Brien, Jeffrey M. 2001. The making of the Xbox. Wired, 9 November, 146-
    153.

From online magazines

O'Brien, Jeffrey M. 2001. The Making of the Xbox. Wired, 9 November, 146-
    153. <www.wired.com> [cited 9 November 2001].

Book Reviews

Markosian, Ned. 2001. Review of Semantics, tense, and time, by Peter Ludlow.
    The Journal of Philosophy 98 (June): 325-329.

Newspaper Articles

Author, Arthur, Brian Author and Cathy Author. Year of publication. Title
    of article. Title of Newspaper, day month: section numbers (if used)
    page numbers.

Single space between lines. Indent all lines after the first.
Leave blank those elements that are irrelevant or unavailable.

From print newspapers

According to the Chicago Manual of Style, references to news items from daily papers are usually made with citations within the text. The names and dates of relevant papers may be included in the bibliography.

Wilford, John Noble. 2001. Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern
    Human. New York Times, 2 December, national edition.

From online newspapers

Wilford, John Noble. 2001. Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern
    Human. New York Times, 2 December, national edition, <www.nyt.com>
    [cited 2 December 2001].

From full-text databases

Wilford, John Noble. 2001 Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern
    Human. New York Times, 2 December, national edition. In Lexis-Nexis
    (database online) [cited 2 December 2001].

Electronic Resources

Note: The Chicago Manual of Style offers little direction for online resources. The style provided here is adapted from the 14th edition of the Chicago Manual of Style (especially sections 15.423, 15.424, 16.208, 16.209) and Online: a reference guide to using online resources from Bedford/St. Martins <http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/online/index.html> [cited 6 March 2002].

[Use whatever form is appropriate for the document]. <URL> OR description [online database] [cited day month year].

Single space between lines. Indent all lines after the first.
Leave blank those elements that are irrelevant or unavailable.
When page numbers are not used, use whatever identification information is available.
When a document consists of multiple pages or sites, provide the URL of whatever page provides easiest access to all of them (the home page, for example).

Electronic book

Ludden, David. 1999. An Agrarian History of South Asia. Cambridge:
    Cambridge University Press in Penn Library E-Books Project.
    <http://digital.library.upenn.edu/ebooks/pdfs/0521364248.pdf > [cited 29
    February 2002].

Articles from e-journals

Janssen, Maarten C. 2001. On the Principle of Coordination. Economics and
    Philosophy, 17. <http://www.journals.cambridge.org/> [cited 29
    November 2001].

Articles from full-text databases

Gourevitch, Victor. 2000. Rousseau on Providence. The Review of
    Metaphysics, March. In Expanded Academic ASAP [database online]. Gale
    Group [cited 2 December 2001].

Articles from online magazines

O'Brien, Jeffrey M. 2001. The Making of the Xbox. Wired, 9 November, 146-
    153. <www.wired.com> [cited 9 November 2001].

Articles from online newspapers

Wilford, John Noble. 2001. Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern
    Human. New York Times, 2 December, national edition, <www.nyt.com>
    [cited 2 December 2001].

Newspaper articles from full-text databases

Wilford, John Noble. 2001 Artifacts in Africa Suggest an Earlier Modern
    Human. New York Times, 2 December, national edition. In Lexis-Nexis
	(database online) [cited 2 December 2001].

Site created by an organization

E-mail

Okrent, Nicholas. 2001. About Toni Morrison. E-mail to Kathryn Charkatz.
    [cited 2 December 2001].

Online Posting to a Discussion List or Newsgroup

Okrent, Nicholas. 2001. Help on Anti-Plagiarism Software. Online Posting. 1
    December 2001. BI-L. < http://www.ala.org/acrl/is/bil.html> [cited 2 December
    2001].

Other Resources

Letters (unpublished)

Interviews (unpublished)

Messmer, Lydia. 1987. Interview by Mark W. Allam. Videorecording.
    Interview with Lydia Messmer: Oral History. University Archives,
    University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.